Product Specifications

Key Applications

• Human endothelial-cell culture and expansion
• HUVEC proliferation and survival assays
• Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis research
• Endothelial-cell migration and tube-formation assays
• Human iPSC/ESC endothelial differentiation
• Vascular organoid and three-dimensional culture models
• Blood-vessel development and vascular-remodeling studies
• Wound-healing and regenerative medicine research
• Cancer angiogenesis and tumor-microenvironment research

Quality Control & Biological Activity

Recommended Reconstitution

1. Briefly centrifuge the vial before opening to ensure that the lyophilized protein is collected at the bottom.
2. Reconstitute the protein in sterile PBS containing 0.1% endotoxin-free recombinant human serum albumin.
3. Mix gently until the protein is completely dissolved. Do not vortex vigorously.
4. Prepare single-use aliquots after reconstitution to minimize repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

The appropriate final concentration should be selected according to the intended application, cell type, culture system, and experimental protocol.

Stability & Storage

• Use a manual-defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
• As supplied: Stable for up to 12 months from the date of receipt when stored at −20°C to −80°C.
• After reconstitution: Stable for up to 1 month at 2°C to 8°C under sterile conditions.
• After reconstitution: Stable for up to 3 months at −20°C to −80°C under sterile conditions.
• For best performance, prepare single-use aliquots and avoid repeated freezing and thawing.

Protein Description

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), also known as vascular permeability factor, is a potent regulator of vascular development and endothelial-cell function. VEGF belongs to the platelet-derived growth factor family and contains the conserved cystine-knot structure characteristic of this protein family.

Alternative splicing of the human VEGFA gene generates multiple isoforms. VEGF-165 is the predominant and one of the most biologically active isoforms. It binds primarily to VEGFR-1/Flt-1 and VEGFR-2/KDR and can also interact with co-receptors such as neuropilin-1.

VEGF-165 promotes endothelial-cell proliferation, migration, survival, vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. These activities make recombinant human VEGF-165 widely used in endothelial-cell culture, vascular differentiation, organoid development, tissue-engineering research, and studies of normal and pathological angiogenesis.

StemImmune recombinant human VEGF-165 is expressed in human cells and supplied as a glycosylated, disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of two 165-amino-acid polypeptide chains.

Frequently Used With

• FGF-basic/FGF-2 for endothelial-cell expansion and vascular development
• EGF for endothelial and organoid culture systems
• BMP-4 for mesoderm and early vascular-lineage induction
• Activin A for developmental differentiation workflows
• SCF, FLT3-L, and TPO for hematopoietic and hemogenic-endothelium studies

Frequently Asked Questions

References

1. Leung DW, Cachianes G, Kuang WJ, Goeddel DV, Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science. 1989;246(4935):1306–1309. PubMed
2. Tischer E, Mitchell R, Hartman T, et al. The human gene for vascular endothelial growth factor: multiple protein forms are encoded through alternative exon splicing. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1991;266(18):11947–11954.
3. Neufeld G, Cohen T, Gengrinovitch S, Poltorak Z. Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors. FASEB Journal. 1999;13(1):9–22. PubMed
4. Byrne AM, Bouchier-Hayes DJ, Harmey JH. Angiogenic and cell survival functions of vascular endothelial growth factor. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2005;9(4):777–794. PubMed